Частота встречаемости врожденных пороков матки и влагалища

Abstract

Среди всех врожденных аномалий пороки развития женских половых органов составляют 4%, из них 3,2% приходится на репродуктивный возраст [3]. Наиболее частыми являются аплазия матки и влагалища (синдром Рокитанского-Кюстнера-Майера-Хаузера). Их частота составляет от 1 на 20000 до 1 на 5000 новорожденных девочек [5]. Аномалии развития половой системы сочетаются с пороками органов мочевыделительной системы. В зависимости от того, на каком этапе внутриутробного развития на эмбрион оказывалось влияние тератогенного фактора или проявились генетические особенности, формируются различные аномалии женской половой и мочевыделительной систем.

Background Anomalies of development of the reproductive system are combined with defects of organs of the urinary system. Depending on the stage of intrauterine development at which the embryo is affected by the teratogenic factor or genetic features, various abnormalities of the female reproductive and urinary system are formed. Material and methods The medical histories of 29 patients from the archive of the State Scientific Research Center “Mother and Child” aged 11 to 38 years with congenital anomalies of the genital organs, who were admitted from 2017 to 2024, were retrospectively studied. Statistical processing and calculation of the Spearman correlation criterion were carried out using Microsoft Excel for Microsoft 365 MSO and an online calculator medstatistic.ru. Results The result of the calculation of the Spearman correlation criterion (p) was the identification of a link (p=0.950, p<0.05) between the agenesis of one of the kidneys and the presence in patients of uterine doubling without or with a vaginal septum/cervical atresia. In patients with a vaginal septum, agenesis of the left kidney is associated with obstruction of the left uterus, and agenesis of the right kidney is associated with obstruction of the right uterus. Conclusions It was found that the cause of congenital anomalies of the female reproductive system is the abnormal development, fusion or absence of the Muller ducts during embryogenesis. A correlation was found (p=0.950, p<0.05) between renal agenesis and uterine doubling.