Клинико-морфологические характеристики амелобластомы челюстей и их влияние на результаты лечения пациентов

Abstract

Введение. Увеличение частоты встречаемости быстропрогрессирующего периодонтита определяет необходимость поиска дополнительных диагностических методов. Цель работы − разработать оптимальный метод инцизионной биопсии десны. Объекты и методы. У 79 пациентов с различными заболеваниями периодонта проведен забор биопсийного материала с применением разработанного метода инцизионной биопсии десны. Результаты. Во всех полученных указанным методом биоптатах была возможность проследить все гистологические слои десны и дать их полноценную морфологическую оценку. Заключение. Внедрение предлагаемого метода инцизионной биопсии десны в клиническую практику будет способствовать повышению качества диагностики и прогнозирования заболеваний периодонта.

Aim. The purpose of this work is to investigate epidemiological, treatment strategy effectiveness in patients with ameloblastoma. Objects and methods. This work involved 78 well-documented patients who had histologically confirmed diagnosis “ameloblastoma”. For each patient, the data concerning gender, age, tumour location, clinical signs and symptoms, terms of manifestation, teeth involvement, surgical management including reconstruction procedures, histological type, recurrences, complications and follow up period were analysed retrospectively. Results: Forty-two patients (54%) were females and thirty-six (46%) males. In total 67 cases of conventional (solid/multicystic) ameloblastoma (85.9%) were diagnosed, unicystic form was observed in 11 (14.1%) patients. The histological subtypes of the solid/multicystic ameloblastoma were the following: follicular type 24 (30.8%) cases, plexiform 6 (7.7%), basal cell 3 (3.8%), mixed 6 (7.7%), not specified 28 (35.9%). Fifty-four (69.2%) ameloblastoma cases were treated conservatively and radical treatment was applied in twenty-four patients (30.8%). Conclusion. In this study, the most common histopathology pattern was follicular type. In comparison to previous studies, minor differences in age, gender and clinic-pathological features were found. Most ameloblastomas were treated conservatively but our data suggests that a radical surgical approach, such as segmental resection or mandibulectomy is associated with significantly lower recurrence rates.