Use of anthocyanin extract from wine products in the prevention of experimental dental caries

Abstract

Research objective: evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of anthocyanin extract obtained from wine products in the prevention of experimental dental caries. Materials and methods. The experimental model has included three series of experiments, dental caries has been modeled according to the method described by Muller K. P. et al, 2007 (Group 2 and 3). In order to prevent dental caries in the rats from Group 3, there has been topically applied an anthocyanin extract obtained from wine products. The animals from Group 1 were fed with the standard vivarium ration. The frequency of dental caries, the number of cavities and the surfaces affected by caries have been evaluated per animal, and there has been determined the surface roughness index of the dental enamel. The dental caries reduction index (IR) in the studied group (Group 3) was evaluated in comparison to Group 2. The experiments were conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee of Research Ethics of SUMPh "Nicolae Testemitanu". Results. The modelling of dental caries had a significant cariogenic impact, the number of carious cavities per animal in Group 2 was 4.10 ± 0.366, p <0.001, in comparison to Group 1 (0.03 ± 0.033). In Group 3, the number of carious cavities has decreased by 1.62 times (p <0.01) in comparison to Group 2. The three-dimensional scanning of the enamel samples has revealed a decrease in the surface roughness index by 2.13 times (p <0.001) in comparison to Group 2. The reduction index (RI) in Group 3 represented 56.1% in comparison to Group 2, indicating a sufficient cariopreventive effect. Conclusions. Use of topical applications of anthocyanin extract from wine products represents an important step in reducing the aggressiveness of the dental biofilm and in dental caries control. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further studies regarding the opportunities of increasing the effectiveness of the preventive measures that can provide a superior carioprotective effect.