Possibility of application of hirudoterapy to restore the respiratory organs with COVID-19

Abstract

Over the past two years, the number of patients with the dangerous infectious disease Covid-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has increased. Etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of this disease have been identified during preclinical and clinical experimental studies [1, 2]. In the mild form, there is mainly a respiratory infection, which is manifested by fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, sore throat, runny nose, nausea and vomiting, loss of smell and taste [3-7]. In severe cases, there is progressive pneumonia and thrombosis due to impaired coagulation, impaired homeostatic regulation of the immune system. Later, the pulmonary endothelium is affected, microvascular thrombosis occurs and alveolar damage occurs. Then in a more severe form there is a septic condition, which is manifested by damage to all important organs [5-8]: lungs, heart, esophagus, kidneys, bladder, ileum, etc. The use of medicinal plants (Curcuma angustifolia, Cuminum cyminum, Allium sativum, Terminalia bellirica, Cinnamomum species, Piper nigrum, Vitis vinifera), which have immune-boosting and antiviral properties and can be used in the adjuvant treatment of Covid-19 [9]. According to the previous sections of the animal body, the therapeutic effects of of biologically active substances of medicinal leech, which provide antithrombotic, thrombolytic, antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, antihypoxic, regenerative, antimicrobial, antiviral, immunomodulatory and analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, have been widely studied [10, 11].